Carbureter.



T. E. FRIEND.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION m50 ocT. I6. |914.

Patented Apr. 25, 19116u 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

@f WM MM JMJ/M ma? WW@ T. E. FRIEND.

CARBURETER.

APPucATloN man ocr. 16, 1914.

Patented Apr. 25,1916,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, [JV WE1/V T012.

' Ganzen-BETER.

Maaate.

Speciication of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr.. 25, 151116.

Application led October 16, 1914. Serial No. 866,990.

To all whom t may concern: l'

Be it known that 1, 'llHnoDoRE E. FRIEND,

- a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Norwalk, in thecounty of Huron 4and State of Ohio, have made certain new and usefulImprovements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in carbureters, and it consists inthe constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described andclaimed.

An object of myvinvention is to provide a device in which the regulationis practically maintained by the velocity of the air flow as a separatefactor.

A further object of my invention is to provide an eective means forbalancingthe fluid head pressure against a regulating valve such thatthe first said object can be accomplished. 1

A further object of my invention is to provide a form of air passage anda form of regulating valve `such that the aforesaid ob* jects can beaccomplished with. as little friction as possible.

A further object of my invention is to dispose the fuel jet in referenceto the aforesaid form of air passage such that a thorough mixing of theair and fuelis accomplished.

A further obj ect of my invention is to provide means for regulating theprimary opening or aperture thereby allowing of closer.

adjustments.

The following specification and the appended claims make clear myinvention in detail. j

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings which form apart of this application in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectionthroughthe device, Fig. 2 is a plan'view of the float chamber with the integralair passage and the float in place, Fig. 3 is a plan view of thecover'removed, Fig. 4 is a front view o f the float chamber with theintegral air passage, Fig. 5 is a front view of the air valve housingwith the segment of a cylinder integral and the air valve andoscillating plate in place, and Fig. 6 is a-plan view of the air valvewith the attached oscillating plate.

In carrying out my invention ll provide a main casing 1, the interior ofwhich constitutes afloat chamber2. v The casing 1 is provided with anextension 3, which forms a valve chamber 4. A float valve needle 5 isarranged within the valve, chamber 4 to close the fuel inlet 6. Thefloat valve needle- 5 is carried by the outward end ofthe float lever 7by means of the ball joint 8. 60 The float lever \7 is hinged on a pivot9 carried by the walls of the extension 3. The float 10 is carried bythe inward end of the v Hoat lever 7'by means of the screw 11. Aremovable cap 12 is providedH for thevalve 65 chamber 4 to allowinspection and assembling.

Integral with the main casing 1 are the walls 13 forming the portion ofthe air passage 14 which is curved and of triangular v70 rcross-section."llhe lower portion of the walls 13 terminate in the flange 15, whilethe upper portions terminate free and central within the upper portionof the main casa ing 1. A cover 16 is arranged to rest upon the open endof the main casing 1, and upon the free ends of the walls 13. Anextension 17 is provided on the cover 16, that conforms with and fitsaround the free ends of the walls 13, thus providing a depression intowhich the gasket 18 is placed to provide a gas tight joint. Thecross-section of the air passage 14 is arranged such that two of thewalls 13 form the convex side of the air 85 passage 14, while the thirdof the walls 13 forms the concave side of the air passage 14. Central ofthe bend and on the convex side of the air passage 14 within the walls13 is disposed the fuel jet 19, driven or screwed into a boss 20. 1n theconcavity of the bend of the air passage 14 and integral with the walls13 is formed the boss 21, and coincidently on the periphery of the cover16 is a second boss 22. A fuel adjusting needle 52 istted into thebosses 21 and 22, screwing into the former and extending through the airpassage 14, enters the fuel inlet 23 on n a taper. j

On the top face of they cover 16 is formed 100 a flange 24, and uponthis flange rests the outlet tube 25 by meanscof a similar flange 24.The passage way 26 of the outlet tube 25 is of triangular cross-sectionat thebotv tom and merges into a circular cross-section at the outlet. Abutter-fly throttle valve 27 is disposed in the outlet of the outlettube 25. A short passage way 28 is provided centrally provided with asimilar flange 15.

through the cover 16. The cross-sections of the passages 14, 26 and 28coincide to form a -continuous passage-way. The outlet tube 25 and thecover 16 are held to the main'cas- 5 ing 1 by means of screws passingthrough the flanges 24 and 24 and screwed into the bosses 29 providedcoincidently on the main casing 1 within the float chamber 2.

On linewith the fuel jet 19, within the 1o main casing 1, is provided aboss with a Ithreaded aperture into which the filler plug 30 is screwed,forthe purposes of providing means for introducing the fuel jet 19. l

Upon the flange 15 rests a valve casing 31 Screw holes 32 aretappedlinto the flange 15 and screws are provided to clamp the two flanges 15and 15 together. The general cross-section of the valve casing passageway 53 is triangular and coincides with that ofthe passage 14 to form acontinuous passage. A flange 33 is provided on the inlet end of thevalve'casing 31, upon which rests aninlet tube 34 provided with asimilar flange 33.

The passage-way 35 of the inlet tube 34 is of triangular cross-sectionat the inward end and coincides with that of the passage-way 32, whilethe outer portion merges into a circular cross-section. On thev dividingline between the inlet tube 34 and the lValve casing 31 in the upper,portion of the passages 32 and 35 is disposed a pivot 36 extending intobearings providedin the flanges 33 and 33. Around the pivot 36 andcontinuouswith the 35 passage-way 32 is formed a quarter segment of acylinder 37 within extending walls 38 of the valve casing 31. Anextension 33 of the flange 33 is provided to cover the vouter portion ofthe segment of a cylinder 37. A

40 portion of the inlet tube 34 is extended at 39 around the pivotv36toprovide the opening 40 around the upper portion of the pivot 36 into thesegment of cylinder 37.

A flat swinging valve 41 of triangular 45 cross-section is fastened uponthe pivot 36 on a base side and extends at an angle into the passage-way32: An oscillating plate 42 is fastened on one side to the pivot 36, andis made to rotate within the segment of cylinder 37 With a close fit. Aboss 43 is formed upon the extension 38, and anl adjusting screw 44 isscrewed through the boss 43 into the segment of cylinder 37. A lock nut45 provides means for maintaining the adjust-, ment Iof the screw 44.Engaged between the 41 and maintains a certain open position of thevalve 41 in reference to the angular walls 51.

As the fuel enters into the float chamber the float rises until thevalve needle 5 closes the fuel inlet 6. The suction of the engine willcause fuel to be drawn through the fuel jet 19 and sprayed into the airpassage through the fuel inlet 23 when the needle valve 52 is open. Theneedle valve 52 provides la means of spreading the spray such, that itmay be used more eiiiciently. The float maintains a nearly constantlevel of fuel within the float chamber in reference to the fuel inlet23.

It will be noticed that the fuel inlet 23 being in the apex of across-section of the passage 14 has a tendency to provide a spray thatlls the cross-section of the passage such that very little air can slipby without being carbureted.

In the operation of the air valve 41, the oscillating plate 42 withinthe segment of cylinder 37 provides a means for maintaining abalanceagainst the fluid head pressure upon the valve 41, thus allowingthe air velocity to mainly operate the valve. The advantage of this isgreat for the air velocity 4varies at a ratio with the engine speed andis uninfluenced by the throttle positions, therefore more constantmixtures are generated irrespective to the throttle positions, andgreater accelerations'are possible at any speed or load.

It will be observed that the area of the voscillating plate 42 is shownas being of less area than that of the valve 41. Also that the meaneffective turning moments are of different magnitude, for these membersare of different shape. Whereas it is desired to have a practicallyperfect balance maintained against the fluid head pressure upon thevalveV 41, by means of the oscillating plate 42, it can be proven,experimentally, that when this balance is obtained the area of the valve41 is greater than the area of the plate 42. This difference of area isaccounted for by the fact that the atmospheric pressure upon the member42 is static, while vupon the valve 41 it is not. In other words, theflowofthe air into the passagewayhas the tendency to lessen theatmospheric pressure upon the valve 41.

It will be noticed that the air has `a very free ingressinto the airpassage by the valvfe 41 as there are no sharp corners to turn. This isan advantage in helping to make the carbureter eficie'nt. Y I

Another feature of my invention is the means provided for adjusting theprimary opening. This is accomplished by using a swinging triangularvalve disposed at an angle withinv a passage of triangular crosssectionwhereby a valve action is maintained between the free angular edges ofthe valve and the adjacent angular sides of the passage, and using anadjusting screw for normally keepingv the valve a portion ofthe wayopen. j The object in using a swinging air valve in combination with theoscillating plate and a segment of a radial cylinder instead of using acircular air valve in combination witha circular piston and cylinder forthe same purpose is that the swinging air valve can be made to operatewith less friction, and the effect of the velocity, which is of smallmagnitude, is magnified upon a swinging valve disposed at an angle.

Although I indorse lthe construction as herein described, I do not limitmyself to that construction only, for there are numerous othercombinations for accomplish'y ing the same purpose.

I claim l. A carbureter comprising an air' pas'- sage, a fuel inletdisposed within said air passage, an inwardly opening, automatic, airregulating valve mounted to operate in conjunction with and normallyclose the inlet end of said air passage eXcept for a primary inletadjacent to said valve into said air passage, a chamber loH-set to andcontiguous with said air passage and adjacent to said valve, anextension of Asaid valve arranged to operate .with a'close and constantfit within said chamber and conjunctly with said valve, such that aconstant counteraction is maintained against the effect of the suctionpressure upon said valve, and said valve arranged to receive the impactof the air flow into said air passage.

2. A carbureter comprising an air passage of triangular cross-section, aLfuel inlet disposed within said air passage, means for providing aconstant head pressure of fuel to said fuel inlet, a pivot arranged on aside of the inlet end of said air passage, a swinging, inwardly opening,automatic, air regulating valve of triangularj cross-section arranged ona side on said pivot such that a valve action is provided between thefree angular sides, thereof, and the adjacent angular walls of said airpassage, a primary inlet adjacent to said valve into said air passage,means for providing a resilient reaction upon said valve, 'a chambercontiguous with said air passage radially around said pivot, andanextension of said valve arranged to oscillate with a close fit withinsaid chamber and conjunctly with said valve, for the purpose ofproviding a counteraction against the suction pressure upon said valve.l

3. A carbureter comprising an air passage of triangular cross-section, afuel inlet disposed within said air passage, a float chamber operatingconjunctly with said fuel inlet, a pivot arranged on a side of the inletfend' of said air passage, \a swinging, in-

wardly opening, automatic, air regulating valve of triangularcross-section arranged on a |side on said pivot, such that a valveaction is provided between the free angular sides, thereof, and theadjacent angular walls of said air passage, means for adjusting saidvalve partially open to provide a primary inlet adjacent to said valveinto said air passage, means for providing a resilient reaction uponsaid valve, a segment sides forms the ooncavity of said bend and theoppositely adjacent sides form the conveXity of said bend, the free endsof said air passage forming the inlet and outlet, respectively, to saidair passage, a fuel inlet disposed on the convex side of said airpassage, a pivot arranged in the inlet end of said air passage on theside contiguous to said concave portion of said air passage, a swinging,inwardly opening, automatic, air regulating valve of triangular shapearranged on a side on said pivot, extending across said air passageinwardly at an angle, and performing a valve action between the freeangular sides, thereof, and the adj aeent angular walls of said airpassage, a segment of a cylinder contiguous with said air passageradially around said pivot, a plate arranged on a side on said pivot tooscillate within said segment of cylinder with a close t andcor'ljunctly with said valve, for the purpose .set forth, means forproviding a resilient reaction upon said valve, and a primary inletadjacent to said valve into said air passage.

5. A carbureter comprising an air passage of triangular cross-section, afuel inlet disposed within said air passage, a pivot arranged on a sideof the inlet end of said air passage, a swinging, inwardly opening,automatic, air regulating valve of triangu- Vlar shape arranged on aside on said pivot such that a valve action is provided between the freeangular sides'of said valve and the adjacent angular walls of said airpassage, a primary inlet adjacent to said valve into said air passage,and means for providing a resilient reaction upon said valve.

6. A carbureter comprising an air'passage of triangular cross-section, afuel inlet disposed in the apeXof a cross-section of said airpassage,and means for spreading the discharge from said fuel inletoutwardly toward the angular walls, of said air passage confning saidfuel inlet.

'7. A carbureter comprising a curved air eharge from said fuel inletoutwardly passage of trangular'cross-section with two toward the angularWalls of said air pas- 10 ofd th; angular Walls. forming1 thl (mvez sageconfining saidfuel inlet. si e`o sai air passage, and t e t i1' Wal 5forming the concave side of said air passage, THEOD'ORE E' FRIEND' afuel inlet on the convex side of said air Witnesses: l passage in theapeX of a cross-section, E. J. KINGSBURY, thereof, and means forspreading the dis- H. SELIGER.

